The government shutdown is in day 21 and just tied the record for the longest shutdown in history
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- Former Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid during the 2013 shutdownMark Wilson/Getty Images
- The government shutdown is now in its 21st day, tying the record for the longest of the modern era.
- This is the 21st time the federal government has had a funding lapse since the modern budgeting process began.
- Most of those times, the shutdown has been short and not involved employees being sent home, but that has changed in recent years.
The trouble started just before Christmas when Trump's sudden reversal on a bipartisan funding extension forced a sizeable portion — but not all — of the government into a partial shutdown.
Read more: Here's what the government shutdown means for federal agencies and employees»
This is 21st time since the modern budget process began with the Budget Act of 1974 that the federal government has entered a shutdown or had a funding lapse.
On average, the 20 previous shutdowns lasted eight days, though they have been longer in recent decades. The six shutdowns since 1990 have lasted nine days on average. And removing the short, nine-hour funding lapse caused by Sen. Rand Paul in February, recent shutdowns have averaged 11 days. The longest shutdown in history, lasting 21 days, came in 1995-1996.
Most of these shutdowns weren't severe, with 11 of the 20 lasting five days or fewer, and seven lasting three days or fewer. By making it to the cusp of a fourth week, the current 21-day shutdown has now tied the shutdown that spanned from 1995 to early 1996 for the longest of the modern era.
Skye Gould/Business InsiderRead more: The effects of the shutdown are only going to get exponentially worse as the fight drags on»
The current shutdown also bears some major differences from the past because federal employees aren't working. Around 380,000 federal employees are now on furlough, meaning they do not report to work or get paid. In 11 of the previous shutdowns, employees were not placed on furlough.
Sending employees home has become more frequent in recent shutdowns, with furloughs occurring during five of the last six funding lapses (the only exception being the short Rand Paul lapse).
Another newer wrinkle is the fact that this is just the second shutdown during which employees were placed on furlough while one party controlled both chambers of Congress and the White House, which was the case for the beginning of the shutdown. The other instance was the three-day shutdown in January 2018.
Additionally, with the changeover to the 116th Congress, which has a Democrat-controlled House, this is the first shutdown in which control of a chamber of Congress changed parties during the funding lapse.
The current shutdown also means the president has set some historic firsts as well.
Trump is the only president to furlough employees while his party controlled both chambers of Congress, the only one to achieve that dubious feat multiple times, and is second in total shutdowns for a president whose party controls chambers of Congress. Jimmy Carter presided over five shutdowns while Democrats controlled both the House and Senate, none of which resulted in furloughs.
The latest shutdown also moved Trump into third place with three total funding lapses during his presidency, behind Carter's five and Ronald Reagan's eight. Trump also ranks fourth in totals shutdown days for modern presidents behind Carter's 67 days and the 28 day mark shared by Clinton and Reagan.
2018 also became just the second year of the modern era to have three funding lapses, tying 1977's record.
Here's a breakdown of all the previous shutdowns:
Skye Gould/Business Insider
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