Europe
Theresa May Calls Early Election in U.K., Seeking Stronger Mandate for ‘Brexit’
LONDON
— Prime Minister Theresa May stunned Britain on Tuesday by announcing
that she would call an early election, placing a bet that voters would
give her Conservative Party a strong mandate as her government
negotiates the country’s withdrawal from the European Union.
“The
country is coming together, but Westminster is not,” Mrs. May said in
an unscheduled appearance outside 10 Downing Street, referring to
divisions in Parliament. Mrs. May added that she had “only recently and
reluctantly come to this conclusion.”
The election would occur on June 8.
Mrs. May had repeatedly ruled out a snap election, so her decision on Tuesday represents an abrupt U-turn.
In
calling an early election, she is betting that voters will give the
Conservative Party, which holds a slim majority — 330 seats in the
650-member House of Commons — a stronger mandate. The opposition Labour
Party is in severe disarray under its hard-left leader, Jeremy Corbyn.
Within an hour of Mrs. May’s comments, he said that Labour would
welcome an early election — even though many of his critics in the party
fear that it will lose seats.
But her announcement is also a huge gamble.
A
new election will reopen some of the country’s gravest divisions. It
will give Brexit opponents another chance to soften the terms of the
withdrawal from the European Union by voting for Liberal Democrat and
Labour lawmakers who favor the bloc. It will give the Scottish National
Party, which grabbed dozens of seats from Labour in the 2015 national election a new chance to reissue its call for Scottish independence.
If
Western democracies have learned anything over the past year, it is
that elections are unpredictable. And if Mrs. May wins anything less
than a commanding majority on June 8, she will be weakened.
Many Britons may be exhausted from voting, after a referendum on Scottish independence
(September 2014), a general election (May 2015) and the Brexit
referendum (June 2016). In addition, local elections are scheduled for
May 4. (It was too late to piggyback national elections onto the May 4
vote.)
Mrs. May took power in July; her predecessor, David Cameron, resigned after voters narrowly approved a referendum supporting departure from the European Union, a decision known as Brexit.
Last month, Mrs. May formally initiated the two-year divorce process, one of Britain’s most consequential decisions since World War II.
She said her decision to call an election was a response to gridlock created by the opposition.
“In
recent weeks, Labour have threatened to vote against the final
agreement we reach with the European Union,” she said. “The Liberal
Democrats said they want to grind the business of government to a
standstill. The Scottish National Party say they will vote against the
legislation that formally repeals Britain’s membership of the European
Union. And unelected members of the House of Lords have vowed to fight
us every step of the way.”
She added: “If we do not hold a general election now, their political game playing will continue.”
But her critics were quick to jump on the reversal.
“This
announcement is one of the most extraordinary U-turns in recent
political history, and it shows that Theresa May is once again putting
the interests of her party ahead of those of the country,” Nicola
Sturgeon, the leader of the Scottish National Party, said in a
statement. “She is clearly betting that the Tories can win a bigger
majority in England given the utter disarray in the Labour Party. That
makes it all the important that Scotland is protected from a Tory Party
which now sees the chance of grabbing control of government for many
years to come and moving the U.K. further to the right — forcing through
a hard Brexit and imposing deeper cuts in the process.”
Supporters
of an early election had urged Mrs. May to consider the experience of
Gordon Brown, a Labour prime minister who took office in 2007 after his
predecessor, Tony Blair, stepped aside.
Despite polls showing that Labour would win comfortably, Mr. Brown
declined to call a general election at that time, and his popularity was
badly hurt during the 2008-9 financial crisis.
After
13 years in power, Labour lost the 2010 election, with Mr. Cameron’s
Conservatives forming a coalition government with a centrist party, the
Liberal Democrats.
That
coalition passed a law making it harder to call an early election.
Under the law, the Fixed-Term Parliament Act, two-thirds of the House of
Commons will have to vote on Wednesday to support an early election.
Given Mr. Corbyn’s support for the resolution, that seems likely. (The
next regular election would have been due in 2020.)
“Labour
will be offering the country an effective alternative to a government
that has failed to rebuild the economy, delivered falling living
standards and damaging cuts to our schools and N.H.S.,” Mr. Corbyn said
in a statement, referring to the National Health Service.
The Liberal Democrats’ leader, Tim Farron, also agreed to support an early election.
“This
election is your chance to change the direction of our country,” he
said. “If you want to avoid a disastrous hard ‘Brexit,’ if you want to
keep Britain in the single market, if you want a Britain that is open,
tolerant and united, this is your chance. Only the Liberal Democrats can
prevent a Conservative majority.”
Alastair Campbell, who was a senior adviser to Mr. Blair, wrote on Twitter
that the state of the post-Blair Labour Party was a factor in Mrs.
May’s timing. “With the opposition as it is she thinks she can get away
with anything,” he posted.
Mr. Cameron also endorsed the announcement, calling it a “brave — and right — decision.”
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